Brilliance Transfer (BT) calculations have emerged as a useful tool to judge the overall efficiency of a guide system1. In this talk, I will present a source-to-sample approach to BT calculations and showcase one way to practically implement this into McStas simulations using standard components. I will discuss the BT calculation results for the preliminary guide design types of the initial...
The High Resolution Chopper Spectrometer (HRC) at MLF J-PARC delivers relatively high-energy neutrons with high resolutions for a wide range of dynamical studies in condensed matters, and we proposed the three types of inelastic neutron scattering (INS) experiments: high-resolution experiments in a conventional energy momentum space, neutron Brillouin scattering (NBS), and sub-eV neutron...
With improved data collection times due to improved detectors and neutron guides, and the increase in flux at new facilities under construction such as the European Spallation Source. There is a need to develop ways to increase the efficiency of sample environment equipment. As part of the SINE 2020 joint European project a task has been under taken to speed up furnace cooling times reducing...
Fast neutron measurements have been performed with silicon and diamond detectors at ChipIr and nTOF facilties.
ChipIr, for Chip Irradiation, is a new beamline at the ISIS spallation neutron source of the Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, where the 800 MeV proton beam is collided on a tungsten target. The 14 meters long beamline has been designed to extract a fast atmospheric-like neutron...
To measure the crystal lattice distortion or the lifetime of weak interactions among quasiparticles, such as phonons, electrons and magnons, with high resolution, the key is to break the inverse relationship between the resolution and useable flux. By using the Larmor precession of the neutron spin inside a given magnetic field, its momentum or energy change during the interactions with sample...
For direct geometry spectrometers time uncertainties of $ < 10 \mathrm{\mu s}$ are negligible for most measurements. However the ARCS and SEQUOIA instruments at the Spallation Neutron Source use a chopper that produces a time pulse as narrow as $5 \mathrm{\mu s}$ for the finest resolution measurements. Timing uncertainties $\sim 1\mathrm{\mu s}$ are important in this case. Furthermore...
Polarized neutron beams have a range of applications from magnetic studies to enhancing resolution in elastic and inelastic scattering, all of which rely upon precise control of the neutron spin. In recent years we have developed a series of devices including a neutron flipper, a polarimeter, and magnetic Wollaston prisms using superconducting components. By bounding magnetic field regions...
Modern pulsed neutron sources offer significantly higher peak brightness and a much higher time integrated neutron flux.The geometries of the moderators are more refined and optimised for beam experiments. The number and variability of readily available neutron optical components is increasing. Not surprisingly the demand from the experimentalists to develop highly sophisticated instrument...
MCViNE (Monte-Carlo VIrtual Neutron Experiment) is an open-source Monte Carlo (MC) neutron ray-tracing software developed using C++ and Python. Its object-oriented design allows for flexible, hierarchical representations of sophisticated instrument components such as detector systems, and samples with shapes and scattering kernels of various sorts. Recently this flexible design has enabled...
The Spallation Neutron Source is in the process of completing the design and fabricating the third inner reflector plug for the facility (IRP-3). During the procurement of the previous inner reflector plug (IRP-2), several challenges arose that significantly extended the procurement time to approximately nine years. Lessons learned from IRP-2 are being incorporated into IRP-3 to drastically...
Touch Screen Human Machine Interfaces (HMI) offer many benefits for system designers over discreet buttons and displays. They make an abundance of system information available to support and user personnel, speed up mechanical design and allow post release upgrades to be made without requiring mechanical changes, However, too much information and too many choices can make the screen...
The effects of radiation damage in methane are of great interest to both the spallation neutron source and astrophysics communities. Solid methane is by far the most efficient medium to use in neutron source moderators, taking energy from hot neutrons produced by the target at a rate 3.5 times that of hydrogen moderators. However the practical use of such moderators has been much more...
In 2020 ISIS will perform a major refurbishment of Target Station 1, modernising the target, reflector and moderator assembly (TRAM). The so-called “TS1 Project” [1][2] is the first major modification to the target station since it came online in the early 80’s, with the primary aim of improving its reliability, maintainability and safety. This £15M project will affect a diverse suite of...
In the past few years, the ISIS Neutron and Muon source has seen an unprecedented increase in the number, and complexity, of ultra-low temperature experiments being performed. We fully expect this trend to continue as more and more extreme sample environment requirements are realized.
To meet this high demand for complex sample environments, a rigorous system of maintenance, performance...
To protect the experimental areas inside the instrument halls at the European Spallation Source (ESS) from radiation and to safely feed neutron beams to the neutron instruments the target is surrounded with a shielding structure called bunker. To protect the bunker from gamma radiation during shutdown at ESS an subsystem of the Neutron Beam Extraction System (NBEX), the Light Shutter System...
This contribution presents the performance and project status of the Multi Grid detector design for chopper spectrometry, in particular in the context of the state of the design for the CSPEC spectrometer at ESS. The Multi Grid detector was introduced at the ILL in 2009, and has been co-developed by ILL, Linkoping University and ESS since then.
As part of the development programme, since...
Materials and Life Science Experimental Facility (MLF) at J-PARC generates pulsed muon and neutron beams by injecting highly intense proton beams supplied from accelerators through 3 GeV proton beam transport line (3NBT) into graphite and mercury targets. Then, it supplies the muon and neutron beams to user apparatuses in two experimental halls of MLF. For operating the targets stations safely...
AMATERAS is a cold-neutron disk-chopper spectrometer installed at BL14 port of the Materials & Life Science Experimental Facility (MLF) at J-PARC [1]. AMATERAS is designed to carry out inelastic and quasielastic neutron scattering experiments in the range from cold to sub-thermal neutron energy with high intensity and fine and flexible energy resolution.
AMATERAS started its operation from...
As a partner with more than 40 years of experience in designing and manufacturing of equipment and systems for excellent research, the central institute of engineering, electronics and analytics ZEA-1 of Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH contributes to the design and construction of several main components for the European Spallation Source (ESS) in Lund. The ESS is a large-scale research project...
Ray-tracing simulations have been an important part of neutron scattering since the inception of the field. Although ray-tracing simulations of instrumentation came later, they are now the standard tool of the trade for design of instrumentation. Instrument simulations are, however, not yet commonly used in experiment planning or data analysis where they have obvious potential. To reach this...
As continuously shaped super-mirrors are becoming more available, the conceptual design of focusing guides should explore a wider range of possibilities to accomplish an efficient neutron beam extraction. Starting from a desired phase-space volume at the sample position and using an upstream ray-tracing approach, the acceptance diagram of any focusing guide can be calculated at the moderator...
We have introduced a new Fermi chopper with compact slit package into the direct geometry neutron spectrometer 4SEASONS in Materials and Life Science Experimental Facility at J-PARC, and succeeded in significantly improving the beam intensity compared to the old model[1]. On the other hand, the new Fermi chopper causes an unexpected intensity tail, which may adversely affects the data...
We provide an introduction to the ‘ISIS Universal Cryostat Controller’ (UCC) project.
The projects aim is to design a standard in-house controller with the ability to autonomously control various types of cryostat systems used at ISIS, including; Orange, Variox and Flow cryostats. Such a controller would provide a level of simplicity in the operation of our cryostat systems and reduce our...
The signal-to-noise ratio is the ultimate limiting factor for high pressure neutron scattering experiments where sample environment equipment could create significant background signal which in many cases may significantly exceed the signal from the sample itself. This is the particularly serious issue in case of high-pressure sample environment for inelastic neutron scattering. Here we review...
Moderators are an essential part of neutron scattering facilities and there is an on going search for new moderator materials, new moderator designs and longer lived efficient moderators suitable for high power spallation facilities. ISIS has several moderators including light water, liquid Hydrogen, liquid Methane and solid Methane. Moderator development at ISIS is a mix of long term...
When designing a neutron scattering instrument, many decisions about the instrument parameters will need to be made for both the primary flight path (e.g. flight path length, maximum divergence of a guide system) and the instrument itself (layout of detectors, pixel size of detector, etc.). McStas offers a way to simulate instrument performance as a function of these parameters, but attempting...
The last decade has witnessed the development of several alternative neutron detector technologies, as a consequence of the world-wide shortage of $^3$He, as well as the upcoming research facilities and upgrades. These future facilities and upgrades set high requirements for these detectors, that could otherwise become the bottleneck of the instrument's scientific performance. It is therefore...
High Energy Direct Geometry neutron spectrometer(HD) is the most important and direct tool to study the mechanical properties of material lattice and spin. HD is the first material dynamics property research spectrometer planned and constructed in CSNS, which is widely used in physics, materials, chemistry, biology, medicine, earth science, anthropology and other fields. The construction of HD...
As an in kind contribution ISIS is building LoKI instrument to ESS (European Spallation Source) Lund, Sweden. ESS LoKI is Small Angle Neutron Scatterning (SANS) instrument one of the first three instruments going to be built at ESS therefore LoKI is part of the early science programme starting from 2023. First part of the major review milestones so called TG3.1 (Toll Gate) process is scheduled...
The Low Energy Neutron Source at Indiana University has now entered its 15th year of operation. I will summarize our most recent activities, with an emphasis on the instrumentation development aspect of our mission. At this point in the facility's life, we have now gained some experience with the challenges associated with long-term operation of a compact source. Although some of these...
The silicon crystal analyzer is an important spectroscopic device in a high energy resolution neutron inelastic scattering backscattering spectrometer. Specifications of this spectroscopic device is thought to determine energy resolution and background.
In order to achieve a low background spectrum without degradation of the energy resolution, it was developed new crystal analyzer which was...
CHESS is the new proposed direct geometry inelastic spectrometer dedicated to the analysis of small samples with modest energy resolution (2.5-5% of Ei). This relatively short instrument will take full advantage of both the increased peak brilliance of the SNS Second Target Station (STS) coupled moderators, and of the recent advances in instrument design and technology, to achieve...
Cryogenic Sample Environment & Helium Recovery at ISIS
M. Baston, D. Keeping, M. Devonport, J. Timms, R. Major, D. Bunce, C. Lawson, P. Frodsham, J. Keeping, R B E Down, O Kirichek
ISIS Facility, STFC, Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, Harwell Science and Innovation Campus, Didcot, UK
The ISIS Experimental Operations Division (IEOD) Cryogenics team has a large equipment base. This...
Electron Beam (EB) Welding is a fusion welding process that utilizes a beam of high energy electrons to melt metals. It is a process that has been around since the 1950s. SNS uses two types of EB welding machines to manufacture Targets. The two types of machines are High Voltage and Low Voltage EB welders. EB welding provides SNS many benefits when it comes to building targets. Some of these...
Target station 1 (TS1) is currently in the implementation stage of a large sustainability project to continue future operation, in addition to making improvements to the neutron performance, ease of operation, and various other factors [1]. One aspect of this project is the extraction of the current irradiated equipment situated within the target area to enable the replacement of the target,...
The Spallation Neutron Source (SNS) at Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL) currently produces spallation neutrons by the impingement of an accelerator-sourced 1.4-MW proton beam pulsed at 60-Hz onto a mercury source target. The subsequent deposition of energy within the liquid mercury target creates pressure waves of nonnegligible strength. This causes a rapid expansion and collapse of the...
The proposed MENUS beam line at the second target station will be a transformational high-flux versatile multi-scale materials engineering beamline with unprecedented new capabilities for the study of low symmetry, complex materials. It will support both fundamental and applied materials science and engineering research in a broad range of fields, including advanced alloy design, energy...
Developing an understanding of the effects of neutron radiation in solid methane is of key importance for operations at spallation neutron sources. Solid methane is an excellent moderator material, efficiently enabling the conversion of hot neutrons into cold. However the use of solid methane moderators has so far proven challenging, due to the ‘burp’ effect [1]. Radiolysis products build up...
The transport of neutrons in long neutron beamlines at spallation neutrons sources presents a unique challenge for Monte-Carlo transport calculations. This is due to the need to accurately model the deep-penetration of high-energy neutrons through meters of thick dense shields close to the source and at the same time to model the transport of low-energy neutrons across distances which can be...
In J-PARC, a 3 GeV proton beam, which is accelerated by the 400 MeV Linac and the following Rapid Cycling Synchrotron (RCS), is provided to a neutron source in the Material & Life Science Experimental Facility (MLF).
The beam with a power of 500 kW has been stably provided to the MLF for the past year. High availability of 94 % during the MLF user operation was achieved in the fiscal year of...
4SEASONS, also called SIKI, is a time-of-flight direct geometry spectrometer in the Materials and Life Science Experimental Facility (MLF) at the Japan Proton Accelerator Research Complex (J-PARC). It is designed for measurements of dynamics in the 10$^0$-10$^2$ meV energy range [1]. The momentum-energy region for this spectrometer occupies the middle of the momentum-energy space covered by...
Dynamical properties in materials are of great importance in the field of neutron scattering. There are 6 inelastic scattering neutron beamlines in the Materials and Life Science Facility (MLF) in the Japan Proton Accelerator Research Complex (J-PARC), covering a wide dynamic range from 10$^{-4}$ meV to 10$^{3}$ meV [1,2]. A high energy part above sub-meV is covered by 4 direct-geometry...
The design and deployment of 15 neutron instruments in three halls, equipped with more than 150 choppers and numerous optical components is a challenge the European Spallation Source ERIC is confronted with in the immediate future. In order to diagnose the correct transport of the neutron beam, approximately 50 beam monitors are required to be installed at various locations along the neutron...
D Templeman, J Norris, R Brumfitt and K Gascoyne
Science and Technology Facilities Council, UK
The Data Acquisition Electronics on ISIS supports 30 neutron and 5 muon Instruments. It interfaces to a variety of detector types and sizes. It also interfaces to beamline components and sample environment kit that can control the operation of the data acquisition process.
This poster provides an...
The time-of-flight small angle neutron scattering (ToF SANS) instrument at China Spallation Neutron Source (CSNS) is operating now. As the first SANS at pulsed neutron source in China, it is designed to be a general-purpose instrument to probe the inhomogeneous structure of bulk, powder and liquid materials at nano-scale. The SANS@CSNS utilizes beam port #1 of the target station facing a...
